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+ 2008 + 2009 + 2010 + 2011 + 2012 + 2013 + 2014 + 2015 + 2016 + 2017 + 2018 + 2019 + 2020 + 2021 + 2022 + 2023 1-2/2024 3-4/2024 5-6/2024 7-8/2024 9-10/2024 11-12/2024 + 2025 new HR EN |
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| RIJEČ UREDNIŠTVA | ||
| Uredništvo HŠD | 5 | |
| Klimatske promjene kao najveći izazov |  
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| Riječ uredništva Krajem 2023. godine (30. studenoga – 13. prosinca) održana je 28. Konferencija Ujedinjenih naroda o klimatskim promjenama (COP 28). U Dubaiju u Ujedinjenim Arapskim Emiratima okupilo se oko 85.000 sudionika, uključujući više od 150 šefova država i vlada. Sudjelovao je i premijer Republike Hrvatske Andrej Plenković te je u svom govoru poručio da su od svih kriza s kojima smo suočeni, klimatske promjene najveći izazov za čovječanstvo. Zaključak konferencije, nakon prve svjetske globalne procjene stanja, ukazao je na presporo djelovanje u svim područjima aktivnosti vezanih za klimu – od smanjenja emisija stakleničkih plinova i jačanja otpornosti na klimatske promjene do dobivanja financijske i tehnološke potpore ranjivim nacijama. Djelovanje se mora ubrzati do 2030. godine, a glavni cilj je održati porast globalne temperaturne do granice od 1,5°C. Pozvane su vlade da ubrzaju prelazak s fosilnih goriva k obnovljivim izvorima energije, da se do 2030. godine utrostruče kapaciteti obnovljive energije i udvostruče stope rasta energetske učinkovitosti, a do 2050. godine postigne neto nulta emisija fosilnih goriva. U posljednje vrijeme vrlo su aktualne teme vezane baš za klimatske promjene. Tako su na ovogodišnjem 54. Europskom šumarskom natjecanju u nordijskom skijanju, održanom u francuskim Alpama, prezentirane promjene u Alpama nastale pod utjecajem klimatskih promjena. Istraživanja su pokazala kako je na ovom području povećanje prosječne temperature od 1980-ih godina ubrzanije u odnosu na globalno povećanje prosječne temperature. Posljedica toga je pomicanje granica vegetacije i šume prema višim nadmorskim visinama, dok stabla poprimaju veće visine. Alpe su postale zelenije nego prije. I na 28. Alpe-Adria zimsko-sportskom susretu šumara u Sloveniji tema prezentacije su posljedice šumskih šteta uslijed nezapamćenih poplava koje su prošle godine zadesile ovu nama susjednu zemlju. Čak i sportska druženja europskih šumara ne mogu zaobići temu klimatskih promjena što samo govori o važnosti ove teme. I unutar Republike Hrvatske na skupu 4. Dana poljoprivrede, ribarstva i šumarstva u Osijeku prezentirane su posljedice prošlogodišnjega srpanjskog nevremena s velikim štetama u državnim šumama koje se sad procjenjuju na 3,7 milijuna kubika. Sadašnje i buduće djelovanje šumarske struke i znanosti bit će sve više usmjereno na shvaćanje posljedica klimatskih promjena i prilagodbi gospodarenju u šumama. To zahtjeva angažman svih sastavnica unutar šumarskog sektora. Uredništvo |
autori: Uredništvo HŠD | |
| IZVORNI ZNANSTVENI ČLANCI | ||
| Antun Jelinčić, Joso Vukelić, Dora Papković | https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.1 |
7 |
| Phytosociological research into the Illyrian oak–hornbeam forest on the limestone cliffs of Kupa River canyon(Kamanje, West-Central Croatia |
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| Summary In this paper, we present 14 relevés of oak-hornbeam forest from the limestone cliffs of Kupa River canyon in Kamanje, West-Central Croatia. The investigated forest is part of the Natura 2000 ecological network, and it represents one of the rare remnants of climax forest in the area that is not highly influenced by anthropogenic management. Plant community composition was recorded using the six-degree Braun-Blanquet scale, and its relation to similar forests studied by other authors was assessed using agglomerative hierarchical clustering. Because of the abundance of limestone rocks and consequently microhabitats, the forest is very species-rich, with a total of 164 vascular species recorded, ranging from 42 to 80 species per relevé. The Kamanje forest belongs to the association Epimedio-Carpinetum betuli, with regard to traditional classification to the subassociation staphyletosum, and is rich in species of the Illyrian- -Balkan floral geoelement. However, compared to the forests of the same association from other areas, this forest has some distinct floristic features. Among the trees, Quercus petraea is replaced by Q. robur. The herb layer is abundant with ferns, and geophytes and hemicryptophytes are much more frequent. The most distinct feature of the forest is the high abundance of ferns from the class Asplenietea trichomanis, specifically Asplenium trichomanes and Polypodium vulgare. The cluster analyses separated the Kamanje forest as a unique group in relation to all other traditional subassociations. The Kamanje forest could be considered as a fern-rich subass. staphyletosum. However, only after the problems of traditional classification of Epimedio-Carpinetum betuli into subassociations are resolved will the exact floristic context of the studied forest be clearer. Keywords: Epimedio-Carpinetum betuli; Illyrian oak forests; semi-natural forests; Natura 2000 forest; peri-Pannonian biogeographic region |
autori: Antun Jelinčić VUKELIĆ, Joso ŠL Dora Papković | |
| Dane Marčeta, Josip Maglica, Vladimir Petković, Dragan Čomić | https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.2 |
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| Productivity of Timberjack 350A and Tree Farmer C5D skidders in group-selective cutting and assortment metho |
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| Summary In the forestry of Bosnia and Herzegovina winching and skidding of wood assortments is usually done with skidders equipped with a cable winch. This is one of the most expensive and technologically challenging activities of forest exploitation. It is of great importance to analyse the productivity of these machines as often as possible, to obtain the most efficient solutions in the forest harvesting technologies and to increase the profitability of harvesting operations. In this research, the productivity of two cable skidders, Timberjack 350A and Tree Farmer C5D, were analysed to determine their productivity and applicability in conditions of group-selective forest management and motor-manual assortment harvesting method. The goal was also to investigate how mobile Android application AlpineQuest can simplify field data collection during a work study. The results of this research showed that older-generation skidders could be partially competitive with new-generation skidders when it comes to productivity, but for credible conclusion much more detailed investigation should be done. However, there are also many other features, such as ergonomic, ecological and some at first glance invisible technological changes that give the newer skidders a significant advantage. What is a big challenge for local forestry companies is that the official norms that have been used for a long time have been overcome, and they provide completely unreliable data about the time required for the execution of work, from which it follows that the accuracy of the economic plan is also questionable. Using the AlpineQuest application in data collection during the time and work-study has proven to be very successful. It found its greatest use in measuring winching and skidding distances, but it also generally facilitated workers’ orientation and movement in the area. Keywords: skidding,utjecajni čimbenici,produktivnost |
autori: Dane Marčeta Josip Maglica Vladimir Petković Dragan Čomić | |
| Murat Yilmaz, Seda Erkan Bugday | https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.3 |
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| Planning of forest recreation services at provincial scale with a multi-criteria approach : A case of Türkiy |
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| Summary The planning of forest services is becoming more crucial day by day, depending on the people’s tendency to the services provided by forests. For this reason, this study focused on planning of recreation service, which is one of the non-wood forest products and services offered in forests in Türkiye. The distribution of national parks, nature parks, and A-, B-, C-, and D-type recreational areas, which are all types of recreational areas in forests, were evaluated by weighted overlay analysis at the provincial level in Türkiye. The criteria that can express the distribution of people in the country and the forest assets and existing recreational areas (Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, number of people per km2, population growth rate, ratio of forest area to the overall area, and total forest recreation areas) were used. The criteria data of the provinces were rasterized and a reclassify analysis was performed with the obtained raster, dividing data into five categories. Weighted overlay analysis was carried out using the reclass maps. As a result of the analysis, in terms of planning recreational areas, the provinces were divided into three priority categories. The provinces, included in the first priority province category in the study, are those located in the south, east and southeast of Türkiye (where asylum seekers and irregular migrants enter Türkiye), those located along the line extending from the northwest to the interior provinces (important centers of both internal immigration and industrialization) and those located in the middle of Türkiye ( the ones that are poor in terms of forest assets). In this study, it was emphasized that the recreational areas of the provinces are planned to depend on the changing provincial populations with both internal and external migrations and economy. In addition, a different approach is presented to planners to manage of utilization of forest recreation services according to different needs, by evaluating forests and the changing characteristics of society structure altogether. Keywords: social and economic criteria,forest services,multi-criteria approach,national parks,nature parks |
autori: Murat Yilmaz Seda Erkan Bugday | |
| Barbaros Yaman, Esra Pulat, Ismet Daşdemir, Yagmur Yeşilbaş | https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.4 |
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| Influence of climate and root zone soil wetness on radial growth of black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. pallasiana) at Arit (Bartin) in the western Black Sea region of Türkiy |
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| Summary Black pine is the third most widespread tree species (4.2 million ha) in Türkiye and due to its important position in Turkish forestry, it has been studied in many ways. In this study, the influence of the main climatic variables with soil wetness in the root zone on the radial growth of black pine was investigated. Tree ring widths were measured with Cdendro and CooRecorder, and standard dendrochronological techniques were used for cross-dating, standardization, and statistical analysis based on the xDateR and dplR packages in R. According to the result of this study, spring and summer precipitation mostly plays a significant positive role for the radial growth of black pines in Arit in the western Black Sea region. Although maximum temperature has no influence, minimum and average temperatures in November and December of the previous year affect the radial growth significantly and negatively. In addition, soil moisture of the root zone in June and August has a clearly positive effect on radial growth. Keywords: Anatolian black pine,Bartin,climate response,dendroecology,dendroclimatology |
autori: Barbaros Yaman Esra Pulat Ismet Daşdemir Yagmur Yeşilbaş | |
| Bilal Çetin | https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.5 |
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| The effect of storage time on germination of turkish pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) seed |
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| Summary In this study, seeds of the Turkish pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) species, which is most widely distributed in Turkey, were collected from the Anamur and Mersin regions in 2005 from four elevations: 0-400, 400-800, 800-1200 and above 1200 meters (m). These seeds were stored at +2-4 oC and germinated at temperatures of 15, 20 and 25 oC in 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2020, and the effect of storage time on germination percentage (GP) was investigated. According to the general average, there was no significant change in the GP of the seeds as the storage period increased. However, the effect of storage time on GP varied according to region, elevation and germination temperature. Especially in germination at 20 °C at lower elevations, the GP did not change much at the end of 15 years or largely maintained the 2005 germination rates. In the other zones, 80% of the initial germinations were obtained in most of the zones, although there was a slight decrease at the end of the storage period. At 15 oC, the declines in germination were very insignificant in the first years in both sections, but became significant in the following years. At 25 oC, the decline in germination was generally higher than at other germination temperatures, and the declines started from the 5th year onwards, and at the end of 15 years, germination declined between 38.0-61.0%. As a result, after 15 years of storage of Turkish pine seeds, it was observed that at 20 oC the GP was significantly maintained, while at other germination temperatures, the decline in germination increased as the storage period increased. In the storage of the seeds of the species, the storage period should be determined by considering the region and elevation where the seeds were collected. Keywords: Turkish pine,storage time,elevation,germination temperature |
autori: Bilal Çetin | |
| Merih Göltaş, Hamit Ayberk, Ömer Küçük | https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.6 |
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| Assessment of the monthly forest fire danger potential using GIS-based analytic hierarchy process in Southwest Türkiy |
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| Summary Every year, more than ten thousand hectares of forest in Türkiye are affected by fires. The majority of forest fires occurs in the southern part of Türkiye, where conifer forests and maquis prone to fire are abundant. Forest fires can lead to the loss of human lives, properties and natural resources. Knowledge of Forest Fire Danger Potential (FFDP) is critical to protect lives, properties, and natural resources from fire damage. We modeled and mapped FFDP with a GIS-based Analytic Hierarchy Process. The FFDP model was developed based on nine environmental factors that affect fire behavior, including maximum temperature, precipitation, wind speed, species composition, development stage, canopy cover, slope, aspect, and elevation. FFDP was mapped and thoroughly assessed. The results showed that FFDP was significantly correlated with maximum temperature, precipitation, and species composition. We found that the FFDP differed considerably on a monthly basis. Forest lands in the study area of 2% in May, 50% in June, 65% in July, 61% in August, 25% in September, and 0% in October belonged to the extreme danger class. For model evaluation, we compared fire locations from 2008 to 2018 with those on the FFDP maps and then controlled the actual number of fires in each category and its fire danger class. The dominant danger classes of the study area according to the months were: extreme class in June, July, and August (50%, 65% and 61%, respectively), high class in May and September (74% and 68%, respectively) and moderate class in October (82%). This danger classes were more affected by fires. We observed that FFDP changed significantly by month. The amount of burned area per fire was the highest in the extreme danger class in August and July (3.39 ha and 2.14 ha, respectively). The amount of burned area was higher in areas with extreme or high fire danger class. This study can guide fire organizations in pre-fire management planning, firefighting, and post-fire studies. Keywords: fire hazard,fire model,MCDA,Türkiye,wildfires |
autori: Merih Göltaş Hamit Ayberk Ömer Küçük | |
| STRUČNI ČLANCI | ||
| Matija Landekić, Jakob Troha, Matija Bakarić | https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.7 |
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| Studij slučaja javnih nadmetanja prodaje drvnih sortimenata 2022. godine u Hrvatskoj i Slovenij |
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| Sažetak Postupak prodaje drvne sirovine putem javnih nadmetanja uvriježen je postupak i svakodnevan proces u zapadnim zemljama Europe, dok u Republici Hrvatskoj dobiva sve veći značaj posljednjeg desetljeća. Iako se glavnina drvnih sortimenata koje proizvodu Hrvatske šume d.o.o. prodaje prerađivačkoj industriji prema unaprijed definiranim kvotama i cijenama kroz okvirne višegodišnje ugovore, samo se manji dio drva nudi, posebno onog izuzetne vrijednosti, putem javnih nadmetanja. U sklopu istraživanja analizirana su javna nadmetanja u Hrvatskoj održana 2022. godine po vrstama drveća i sortimentnim klasama u odnosu na početne i prodajne cijene (€/m3) te postotak ostvaren iznad početne cijene. Nadalje, uspoređene su ostvarene prodajne cijene (€/m3) u Hrvatskoj 2022. prema vrsti drva s cijenama koje su postignute na jednom javnom nadmetanju najvrjednijih trupaca u Sloveniji iste godine. Kroz rezultate istraživanja analizirano je 45 javnih nadmetanja koja su realizirana tokom 2022. godine u Republici Hrvatskoj, te jednog javnog nadmetanja prodaje najvrjednijih trupaca iz privatnih šuma u Sloveniji 2022. godine. Rezultati analize javnih nadmetanja u Hrvatskoj pokazuju da se veći prosječni postotak iznad početne cijene ostvaruje ako su drvni sortimenti razlučnije razvrstani (klasirani) unutar ponuđenih prodajnih grupa. U analiziranom razdoblju za hrast lužnjak ponuditelji su za određene grupe 12 puta dali ponudu koja je iznosila više od 2 000,00 €/m3. Dodatno, pokazalo se da za ostvarenje što veće prodajne cijene kod hrasta lužnjaka treba izbjegavati formiranje grupa koje sadrže kombinaciju furnirskih i pilanskih sortimenata (F-III). Osim hrasta lužnjaka, rekordne cijene postizao je i gorski javor koji je imao i četiri rekordne realizirane kupnje u rasponu od 2 752,92 €/m3 do 4 692,00 €/m3. Usporedno, u Sloveniji je utvrđeno da su prosječne prodajne cijene (€/m3) značajno veće za crnogorične drvenaste vrste u odnosu na ostvarene prodajne cijena na javnim nadmetanjima u Hrvatskoj. Analizom ostvarenih prodajnih cijena drvnih sortimenata na javnim nadmetanjima u Hrvatskoj 2022. godine u odnosu na početne cijene utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika što ukazuje na buduću potrebu formiranja cijena svih proizvedenih sortimentnih klasa u korak s tržišnim prilikama. Keywords: šumarstvo, prodaja drvnih sortimenata, javna nadmetanja, cijene drva, Hrvatska, Slovenija |
autori: Matija Landekić Jakob Troha BAKARIĆ, Matija ŠL | |