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ŠUMARSKI LIST 5-6/2023 str. 17     <-- 17 -->        PDF

Variation in needle anatomy of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations according to habitat and altitudinal zones in Türkiye
Varijacije u anatomiji iglica običnog bora (Pinus sylvestris L.) s obzirom na staništa i nadmorsku visinu u Turskoj
Arzu Ergül Bozkurt, Kamil Coşkunçelebi, Salih Terziog˘lu
Summary
In this study, eight Scots pine populations from Turkiye were studied to explore the influence of different habitats and altitudinal zones on the needle anatomical traits. A total of 496 needles belonging to 64 individuals were examined using light microscopy with the aim to score variability of sixteen needle anatomical traits. Variance analysis showed significant differences in needle thickness, needle width, resin canal number, resin canal diameter, central cylinder width, central cylinder thickness, endodermis cell number, endodermis width and endodermis thickness of eight populations depending on habitat zones. However, only resin canal diameter, endodermis width and endodermis thickness differ significantly in examined populations depending on altitudinal gradients. Cluster analysis showed the greatest similarities between the Bolu-Aladağ and Ardahan-Yalnızçam populations, and the most distinguishable population was the Giresun-Espiye population based on the anatomical characteristics of the needles. Although principal component analysis showed that needle width, central cylinder width, needle thickness, and central cylinder thickness had the greatest influence on the delimitation of Scots pine populations distributed in Turkiye, discrimination analysis did not separate the examined populations depending on the anatomical characteristics of the needles.
Key words: Anatolia, altitude, needle anatomy, Pinus sylvestris, variation
INTRODUCTION
Uvod
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae) occupies large areas in relatively dry regions within the Mediterranean basin, from the Iberian Peninsula to Turkiye (Martínez-Vilalta et al. 2009). It is the third most widespread conifer tree species in Turkiye after Pinus brutia Ten. and Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold (Davis et al. 1984; Kandemir and Mataracı 2018).
Pinus sylvestris naturally spreads in different habitat zones of three geographical regions in Turkiye. The distribution of plant species mostly depends on competitive abilities and environmental factors (Friend and Woodward 1990;