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ŠUMARSKI LIST 11-12/2021 str. 48     <-- 48 -->        PDF

Mean annual temperature, pH, and tree species significantly influenced the distribution of the different ETs on root tips of beech, spruce and pine stands across Europe (Rosinger et al. 2018). Contact or short-distance ETs of ECM fungi had mostly broad environmental ranges. In contrast, long-distance ETs of ECM fungi were particularly restricted to sites with high mean annual temperatures and low precipitation. Shorter distance ETs are favored in colder climates where soils were richer in total N and plant carbon loss is smaller. On the other hand, long-distance ETs of ECM fungi that dominated communities in warmer and less fertile environments are more carbon demanding (Rosinger et al. 2018, Defrenne et al. 2019). A high abundance of contact and short-distance ETs recorded in analysed stands on Fruška gora suggests that these soils are sufficiently rich in total nitrogen and organic matter which is concordant with the measured content of humus and nitrogen in the soils.
A potential positive role of ECM functional diversity is indicated by finding the highest diversity of ETs in stands with the best tree health status (Bzdyk et al. 2019). Furthermore, a high diversity of ETs can make communities more resilient to environmental change (Suz et al. 2014). Thus, it is important to conserve the diversity of ECM fungi and also the diversity of their ETs in our forests.
Conclusions
ZAKLJUČCI
This work presents results of the first study of the diversity of ECM fungi on sessile oak in Serbia. In two sessile oak stands situated in National Park Fruška gora, 26 ECM fungal taxa were described and identified mostly with molecular methods. Fourteen taxa were observed only at the site Info center, nine taxa only at the site Brankovac while Lactarius quietus, Cenococcum geophilum, and Tomentella sublilacina were recorded at both sites. Contact and short-distance exploration types dominated in studied stands suggesting that soils are sufficiently provided with total nitrogen and organic matter. Lower values of diversity indices in sessile oak stands from Fruška gora in comparison to different oak species across Europe can be explained by drought which lasted during the summer at studied sites. In order to get a more thorough insight into the diversity of ECM fungi on sessile oak in Serbia, research should be continued at more sites and seasonal dynamics should be included as well.
Acknowledgement
Zahvala
The study was realized within the project “Bioecological studies of sessile oak for the purpose of sustainable forest management in the National Park “Fruška gora” financed by the Republic of Serbia, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Scientific Research and the project 451-03-9/2021-14/ 200197 financed by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia
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