DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
prilagođeno pretraživanje po punom tekstu
| ŠUMARSKI LIST 5-6/2021 str. 71 <-- 71 --> PDF |
The age structure of all fence-killed ungulates was slightly biased towards adults which can be associated with their more intense spatial behaviour, i.e. higher mobility due to different social interactions that they face (i.e., red deer: Clutton-Brock et al., 2002; Loe et al., 2010; roe deer: Gaillard et al., 2008; Debeffe et al., 2012; wild boar: Keuling et al., 2010; Jerina et al., 2014). In roe deer, the sex structure of victims (1:2.7 in favour of females) is consistent with the expected population sex structure of this moderate polygamous species (Orlowska and Rembacz, 2016), and is also in accordance with data for Slovenia–Croatia border (Pokorny et al., 2017). On the contrary, slight male-biased mortality of red deer in fences along Hungary–Croatia border (1.1:1 in favour of males) is completely unexpected and much different from the sex structure of red deer mortality at Slovenia–Croatia border (1:5.0 in favour of females; ibid.). This might be attributed to the specific demographic structure of intensively managed red deer populations in the Pannonian flatland (Rivrud et al., 2013), resulting in formation of large groups of adult stags which are almost unknown in hilly and mountain regions of the Dinaric zone. This indicates that the demographic structure of this otherwise very pronounced polygamous species is not so biased in favour of females. Moreover, red deer stags generally exhibit more intensive and variable non-migratory spatial behaviour (i.e., they have longer and more frequent roaming) and have larger home ranges than hinds (Clutton-Brock et al., 1982; Debeffe et al., 2019). In lowlands with no presence of large predators (as our study area is), the species tends to exhibit non-migratory behaviour (Kamler et al., 2008; Náhlik et al., 2009), resulting both in year-round presence of red deer in suitable habitats along the Hungary–Croatia border and in expressed differences in spatial behaviour between two |