DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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Data sources – Izvori podataka In order to determine the list of the horticultural species planted on the island of Lokrum during Maximilian’s reign (1859-1869), four archival sources were analysed (table 1); (a) invoices and reports of the court gardener Joseph Laube dating from the period of 1849-1863, listing 42 taxa (AST, N 30, f 74, nn 4-370, 1859-60; N 31, f 75, nn 373-1233, 1861-62; AST, N 32, f 76, nn 1-69, 1863; N 33, f 77, nn 70-143, 1863; N 34, f 78, nn 144-237, 1863), (b) De Visiani’s list of 90 taxa (De Visiani 1863), (c) list for the acquisition of plants made by the manager Junga in 1867, including 36 taxa (AST, N 48, f 95, 1857-67), (d) list of plants made as part of the island’s value assessment conducted in 1873 and listing 73 taxa (AT-OeStA/HHStA PFF GDPFF SR 40-1). After Maximilian’s death in 1867, the court in Vienna maintained the residence and gardens for two more years, until it was sold in June 1869 to a nobleman Dumičić. For the purpose of selling the island in 1873, a committee was set up to assess its value, which also included the parks (AT-OeStA/HHStA PFF GDPFF SR 40-1). During the short period of the island being in his possession, Dumičić did not change the Lokrum parks, so this list of plants shows the allochthonous plants planted in the period of Maximilian. The common feature of these lists is the fact that they refer exclusively to the allochthonous and the autochthonous horticultural taxa. On the basis of the mentioned sources and data collected in our own research, the following was analysed: number of individual taxa (species, subspecies, varieties, hybrids and cultivars), affiliation to genera, family, areal, number of autochthonous taxa, number of allochthonous taxa from different continents, and taxa introduced in Croatia for the first time. The status of invasive alien species (Inv - after the taxon name) was denoted according to Nikolić et al. (2014). The following groups of plants from Maximilian’s period were analysed: deciduous trees, evergreen trees, shrubs, palm trees and succulents, herbaceous perennials, fruit trees and vegetable crops. In the end, the plants planted on Lokrum in the second half of the 19th century were compared to our own recently conducted research and the lists of plants within the ornamental gardens immediately surrounding the monastery (own research 2018, 2019), while determining the percentage of the currently present plants planted in the time of Maximilian. The taxa were identified according to Pignatti (1982, 1984), Tutin et al. (1964-1980, 1993) and Nikolić (2019a). The nomenclature of plants and families was harmonised according to The Plant List (http://www.theplantlist.org/), in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants (Turland et al. 2018). The names of authors of scientific names were standardised according to Brummit and Powell (1992). The names of cultivars were set out according to Hoffman (2016), in line with International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (Brickell et al. 2016). Plant taxa listed in Table 1 were presented in the alphabetic order, while their segmentation as allochthonous or autochthonous taxa was organised according to the Flora Croatica Database (Nikolić, 2019b). The primary origin was presented according to Idžojtić (2013) and Idžojtić et al. (2019). The status of invasive plants (Inv) was marked according to Nikolić et al. (2014). The possible limitation of the research lies in the fact that some taxa have been wrongly identified at the time, but also in the fact that some taxa might not have been planted at all. A couple of species lacked their full taxonomic name, so this paper presents them only as their genera (e.g. Azalea sp.). The found archival lists of planted species do not include all of the autochthonous species, the typical representatives of the Lokrum macchia, which have also been planted at the time, according to the sources. Therefore, the comparison between the original archival lists and the conclusions relating to the present state refer exclusively to the horticultural and exotic species. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION REZULTATI I RASPRAVA Table 1 collectively presents the results of the plant inventory from Maximilian’s period and the inventory of the present state. In total, the inventory listed 256 taxa, including 225 species, 1 subspecies, 3 varieties, 8 hybrids and 19 cultivars. The taxa belong to 179 different genera from 80 families. The total of 213 taxa were inventoried only from the period of Maximilian, including 184 species, 4 varieties, 8 hybrids and 17 cultivars (Table 1). The taxa belong to 149 different genera from 72 families. One bryophyte was recorded (Bryophytes) and 24 gymnosperms taxa ( |