DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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ŠUMARSKI LIST 7-8/2020 str. 66     <-- 66 -->        PDF

to fire represent 37% of the forests. The main broad-leaved species in the region include oak (Quercus spp.) species and false acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) as well as Turkish sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.) species (Figure 2).
In the study area, tourism potential is high, settlement areas are intertwined with the forest, traffic increases on the roads passing through the forest, stubble burning practice is still sustained on the agricultural fields adjacent to the forest, which are the main human activities that further increase the fire risk. The forestry authority has 21 fire first response teams, 41 water trucks, 8 water supply tanks, 8 bulldozers, 6 graders, 104 utility motor vehicles, 41 fire pools, 46 water reservoirs, 99 water area (ponds/dams) and 500 fire workers for the organization of forest fire-fighting efforts in the region (IRDF, 2018).
Geographical Dataset – Skup geografskih podataka
The topographic variables of the study area were calculated with the help of NASA SRTM Version-3.0 1 arcsec (~30 meters) data (USGS, 2019) that could be downloaded from https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/. Digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area was produced by using this SRTM data. Elevation, inclination and aspect layers were driven in ArcGIS software based on DEM reported to have high horizontal and vertical accuracy (Çoban and Eker, 2009; Bildirici et al., 2017). These topographic variables were assessed together with the findings of the previous scientific studies combined with the statistics obtained from the analysis of histogram distribution between the points of origin of 719 forest fires that occurred in the region in the last decade, and the fire risk categories proposed by Bereket (2019) were determined (Table 1).
Fire risk is defined as the likelihood of a fire to start due to the nature and formation of the factors that may lead to fire (Hardy, 2005). In fact, topographic factors, human behaviours and forest characteristics were used to determine the fire risk of the forest areas for this study (You et al., 2017). All fire risk values were assigned to the relevant raster geographic data and the fire risk zones layer developed in GIS environment by Bereket (2019) was used to inquire fire risks of visible and invisible forest areas in the viewshed analysis of the towers (Jaiswal et al., 2002; Eugino et al., 2016).