DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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ŠUMARSKI LIST 3-4/2020 str. 41     <-- 41 -->        PDF

ever growing presence. Good work organisation and larger attention of those performing forest utilisation operations should impact the reduction of damage on trees (Halilović et al. 2019).
The objective of the research is to determine various indicators of damage to standing trees during the felling and wood extraction phases of fir and other species of wood in fir – beech uneven aged stands in the area of Forestry Glamoč. Indicators of damage will present themselves with the following features of damaged trees: tree type, breast height diameters of damaged trees, cause of damage, size of bark damage, place of damage, management significance of damaged tree and status of damaged trees.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Materijal i metode
The research was done in the area managed by C.F.M.C.3 “Hercegbosanske šume” ltd Kupresin the area of F.M.A. ”Glamočko”. F.M.A. “Glamočko” consists of five management units; M.U. “Hrbinje-Kujača” was selected for research. Inside this management unit we selected compartment 174 and sub-compartment b (figure 1). Compartment 174/bis located at an altitude between 1300 - 1400 meters. The surface of this compartment is 54.91 ha.
Sub-compartment “b” belongs to the management class 1211 – “Forests of beech and fir with spruce on primarily deep calcocambisol, luvisol and their combinations on firm limestone and dolomite”. The ratio of mix per wood growing stock in compartment is the following: fir 42.87%, beech 41.63% and spruce 13.71%. Out of other tree species, 1.30% are valuable broad-leaved species and 0.49% of soft broad-leaved species. Wood growing stock is 260.35 m³/ha and total growing stock is 14,295.82 m³. Fir has a total growing stock of 6,128.04 m³ (110.60 m³/ha), spruce 1,960.42 m³ (35.70 m³/ha), beech 5,952.98 m³ (108.40 m³/ha), valuable broad-leaved species 185.56 m³ (3.38 m³/ha) and soft broad-leaved species 69.80 m³ (1.27 m³/ha).
A road, 2.2 km in length, passes through this compartment and also along the part of the border of the compartment there is a road of 3.5 km in length. The total length of all skidding trails in compartments is 5.2 km. Therefore, the openness of compartment is 10.37 m/ha. The average skidding distance is 501-750 meters. Terrain conditions are moderately favourable for work. For the most part of the terrain, there are no significant slopes. Slopes are mainly in average of about 25%.
Tree felling and extraction of cut wood mass was done in May 2018, with the total cut of approx. 2,900 m³, and out of that number 1,550 m³ are conifers and 1,350 m³ are broad-leaved species. Total marked trees are 2,008, and average marked volume of trees is 53.16 m³/ha. The achieved intensity of marking of 16.52% for conifers, 20.72% for broad-leaved intensity, and total intensity is 18.30%. The intensity was adjusted to the conditions of the stand, i.e. the achieved intensity is larger than prescribed, due to the damage from previous work period and bad quality of beech trees.
The phase of felling and processing was done by two groups in formation 1+1 (one cutter and one assistant worker), and the felling was conductedusing the chainsaw bythe manufacturer STIHL model MS 362 (figure 2). The extraction of cut wood mass was done using three LKT 81