DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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| ŠUMARSKI LIST 1-2/2020 str. 47 <-- 47 --> PDF |
Improved characteristics of Populus sp. ecosystems by agroforestry practices Poboljšanje značajki ekosustava Populus sp.agrošumarskim sustavom gospodarenja Vania Kachova, Angel Ferezliev Summary Agroforestry is a multifunctional, environmentally-friendly and modern system of land use by which we can reach economic, environmental and social benefits for the society. This is confirmed by this study on poplar plantations along the Danube River in the region of Vidin (Bulgaria) where agroforestry was practiced by intercropping cultivation of vegetable crops. Productivity of poplars is improving by applying agroforestry. The average diameters and the average heights of trees in the areas with agroforestry are high for the correspondent age. Thus the 10 yеаrs old plantation with agroforestry has DBH = 9.9 cm and Hav = 7.44 m whereas the same aged control has worse dendrometric characteristics (DBH = 8.7 cm ; Hav = 7.04 m). The other sample plot (SP1) near Novo selo village with 2 years old plantation where are currently planted corn has DBH = 2.7 cm and Hav = 2.67 m. The sample plot (SP3) near Vidin with 3 years old plantation where before 1 year has been planted corn has DBH = 1.6 cm and Hav = 2.55 m. The creation of agroforestry systems also leads to improvement of soil properties. Total soil humus content is higher in poplar ecosystems with agroforestry (varied from 4.3% to 2.5%) in comparison with the control (2%). Regarding the composition of organic matter, the control has the smallest content of stable humic acids (0.20%) in comparison with the other three agroforestry systems which have humic acids contents from 0.78% to 0.49%. At the same time control has the highest content of fulvic acids (0.62%) which is more mobile and less stable in comparison with humic acids. The content of fulvic acids in the other plots (with agroforestry) varied from 0.46% to 0.05%. At the same time the control has the highest content of “aggressive” fulvic acids (0.05%). This gives as reason to recommend agroforestry systems as appropriate in growing Populus sp. in Vidin region on Fluvisol. Key words: silvoarable systems, organic matter, poplar growth, humus composition INTRODUCTION UVOD Agroforestry systems that combine woody perennials with agricultural use and / or grazing livestock on one and same parcel can be a good method and an opportunity to improve the forest plantations growth and soil quality where it is practiced (Alexandrov et al., 1996; Yakimov et al., 2003; Stancheva et al., 2004; Rivest et al., 2013; Fonte et al., 2010; Huber et al., 2018). The development of agroforestry systems in agrarian lands increases the overall quantity of microbial biomass and the amount of sequestered organic carbon in soils and thus helps to combat climate change (Lagerlöf et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2017; Mosquera-Losada et al., 2017). Agroforestry systems are well combined with such approaches as „intelligent land resource management“ and „smart farming“ one of the leading in modern agribusiness and policies. The development of agroforestry systems leads to an increase in crop and tree productivity |