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ŠUMARSKI LIST 7-8/2018 str. 61     <-- 61 -->        PDF

Woody plants of the main part of the Bečov Botanical Garden
Drvenaste biljke glavnoga dijela Botaničkog vrta Bečov
Markéta Špaková, Božena Šerá
Abstract
The Bečov Botanical Garden is one of the three botanical gardens in district Karlovy Vary (Czech Republic). The garden was established in 1918 by duke Heinrich Beaufort–Spontini as landscape park and rockery. For decades the garden was neglected and abandoned, and it was unveiled to the public in 2005. Two parts of the original area were chosen for this study – the former landscape park and the slope with rockery. In total, 471 woody plants were recorded, 104 of them were coniferous and 367 broad-leaved species. There are 22 families, 40 genera and 85 of taxa in total, 30 of them belonging to gymnosperms and 55 to angiosperms. Some of the trees planted at the time of the founding of the garden have remained until today: Amur cork tree (Phellodendron amurense Rupr.), katsura (Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold et Zucc.), hardy kiwi (Actinidia arguta /Siebold et Zucc./ Planch. ex Miq.), Jezo spruce (Picea jezoensis /Siebold et Zucc./ Carriére), and Engelmann spruce (P. engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.).
Key words: dendrological evaluation; Bečov Botanical Garden; Bečov nad Teplou; coniferous trees; broad-leaved trees; Czech Republic
Introduction
Uvod
Historical gardens and parks have a great importance in terms of nature and landscape protection (Jebavý 2007; Miller et al. 2016). Apart from conservation, as well as the scientific research and education, they represent a natural habitat for a wide range of other organisms, serve public welfare, and contribute to popularization, planting and maintenance of plants (Pinheiro et al. 2009; Reš et al. 2009; Idžojtić et al. 2010, 2011, 2013; Nodilo 2011; Poljak et al. 2011; Zebec et al. 2014).
Trees are of exceptional importance in plant collections, i.e. they benefit people, and are associated with social, economic and cultural values (Oldfield and Newton 2012). They play an important role in improving various environmental factors in urban areas, such as: temperature, humidity, and dust content (Praus 2011). In general, people feel calmer in natural environments and green colours have pleasant effect on their senses. Additionally, singing birds, rustle leaves, and the combination of light and shade or scenery, can also have a major effect on the human wellbeing (Hurych et al. 1984; Praus 2011).
The Bečov Botanical Garden was established in 1918 by duke Heinrich Beaufort-Spontini as landscape park and rockery. The garden was fully operating as private garden for duke’s family and guests until 1945. It is important to note that the Bečov Botanical Garden served for plant testing for the Průhonice Park, i.e. one of the most valuable botanical collections of domestic and exotic tree and shrub taxa in the Czech Republic. Last modifications to the Bečov Botanical