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ŠUMARSKI LIST 7-8/2017 str. 45     <-- 45 -->        PDF

HARVEST SCHEDULING AND OPERATIONAL PLANNING FOR MOUNTAINOUS AREAS: A CASE STUDY FOR IKISU PLANNING UNIT
PLANIRANJE SJEČE I OPERATIVNO PLANIRANJE ZA PLANINSKA PODRUČJA: STUDIJA SLUČAJA PLANSKE JEDINICE IKISU
Erhan ÇALIŞKAN, Uzay KARAHALI.L
Abstract
Harvest scheduling has emerged as time consuming and difficult activity especially when includes operation plans in the absence of decision support systems. In this study, the level of allowable cut and timber extraction system for every stand was determined for spruce management unit of a mountainous İkisu planning unit in Turkey using linear programming model designed for 50 year planning horizon. First, different considerations such as maximization of timber cut with non-exceeding more than a certain distance between the centroids of compartments and the nearest forest roads were taken into account in determining the level of harvest. Approximately 68,728 m3 annual allowable cut was determined for the first period of planning horizon. Then, six different timber extraction systems were incorporated during the designation of timber extraction method for the first 10 year period of the planning horizon. These are man power, animal power, skidder, small size cable crane, medium size cable crane and sledge yarder. Different factors such as transport direction, slope, distance to forest road, efficiency or cost were also taken into account in decision making. Various planning strategies were developed, including maximization of profit, minimization of timber loss, under time restrictions and solved with LINDO software. One of the strategies was selected based on the availability of the machineries, legal arrangements, staff and economic conditions of the forest enterprise. According to the selected strategy (STR2), with the maximal total profit from timber production including time constraints less than 2,000 hours for cable cranes and sledge yarders, 6,365,205 € would be earned, 19,055 hours would be spent, and 1,697.8 m3 timber would be lost, while 91.77 damage would occur. As a result this determination could bring us benefits especially in environmental awareness, time, labor and money when compared to the classical approaches.

Key words: forest management, harvest scheduling, operational planning, timber extraction systems, İkisu planning unit, Blacksea region
INTRODUCTION
UVOD
Forest management encompasses the economic and technical measures involved in the conservation and use of forests. It includes various degrees of intervention for the sustained production of goods and environmental services. While the objectives of management vary widely from the protection of forest resources to utilization, the primary objective has often been the production of wood products (FAO, 2016).