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ŠUMARSKI LIST 5-6/2012 str. 47     <-- 47 -->        PDF

GROWTH AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AS MARKERS FOR SELECTION OF POPLAR CLONES FOR CRUDE OIL PHYTOREMEDIATION
RAST I FIZIOLOŠKI PARAMETRI KAO MARKERI PRI SELEKCIJI KLONOVA TOPOLA ZA FITOREMEDIJACIJU NAFTE
Andrej PILIPOVIĆ1, Saša ORLOVIĆ1, Nataša NIKOLIĆ2, Milan BORIŠEV2, Borivoj KRSTIĆ2, Srđan RONČEVIĆ3
Summary

Phytoremediation is an emerging technology where plants are used for environmental cleanup. Crude oil contaminated soils are one of the most challenging tasks for phytoremediation applications due to the complexity of the process affected by variability in chemical composition of oil, plant-microorganism interactions and phytotoxicity of contaminants. Although signs of phytotoxicity are very often easily visible, sometimes plant physiological processes can indicate stress in plants due to the presence of xenobiotics in cases without visible signs. This paper presents investigation of the potential of various poplar (Populus sp.) clones for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with crude oil through assessment of physiological parameters. Biomass production together with: (i) nitrate reductase activity; (ii) net photosynthesis/dark respiration, (iii) proline content (iv) chlorophyll fluorescence and (v) pigments contents were studied. Investiagted clones showed various reactions to the different levels of soil contamination.

KEY WORDS: poplars, phytoremediation, crude oil contamination, physiological parameters
Introduction
Uvod
Soil, surface water and groundwater may become contaminated with hazardous compounds as a consequence result of either natural or human activities from different traces with both inorganic and organic compounds (heavy metals, radionuclide, nitrate, phosphate, inorganic acids and or­ganic chemicals) from sources including waste materials, explosives, pesticides, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, acidic de­position and radioactive fallout (Arthur et al., 2005). The processes of soil remediation with use of mechanical, physical and chemical techniques are very expensive and according to Schnoor (1997) range from $ 100–1500 per ton of soil, depending on the techniques involved in treatment. As contrast to these methods, alternatives can be found in the application of phytoremediation with a ten times less cost. Phytoremediation is the use of plants and their associated microorganisms in environmental cleanup (Salt et al., 1995, Raskin et al., 1997). This technology makes use of the naturally occurring processes by which plants and their microbial
1 Mr. sc. Andrej Pilipovic, Dr. sc. Saša Orlović: Univesity of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment,Antona Cehova 13,21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
2 Dr. sc. Nataša Nikolić, Dr. sc. Milan Borišev, Dr,.Sc. Borivoj Krstić: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja
Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
3 Dr. Sc. Srđan Rončević: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Environmental protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi
Sad, Serbia
Corresponding author: andrejpilipovic@yahoo.com