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ŠUMARSKI LIST 13/2011 str. 47     <-- 47 -->        PDF

T. Littvay: FENOTIPSKA STABILNOST IADAPTABILNOST FAMILIJAOBIČNOG ORAHA(Juglans regia L.) ... Šumarsk list – Posebni broj (2011), 38-45


The distribution of common walnut in Croatia is more a result of favorable
climatic and soil conditions than the organized cultivation. In Croatian common
walnut is mostly spread in the hilly terrains around Hrvatsko Zagorje
around Požega, Koprivnica, Bjelovar, Daruvar, Kutina, Sisak, Jastrebarsko
Ozalj; in Eastern Slavonia around Vukovar and Ilok in Baranja. In Dalmatia
around Split, Drniš, and Zadar hinterland, in Primorje in the hinterland of
Novi Vinodolski, Crikvenica, Senj, in Istria and part of Herzegovina.


This paper presents the results of work on the selection of individual trees
and the establishment of halbsib-progeny tests, over the five-year research of
quantitative and morphometric traits in progeny tests of common walnut, tested
in two habitats. Research sites are located at two locations that were most
suitable for testing due to the ecological and soil characteristics of selections
in continental part of Croatia. These sites are: Zabrdica, under forestry office
Sokolovac and Kozarevac I under the forestry office Kloštar Podravski.


The study of interaction between heritage and environment is based on the
assumption that environment must be controlled (similar growing conditions)
and phenotypes must be known, as done in these experiments, devoting the
special attention to environmental factors. In such planned and conducted experiments,
relationship between genotype and environment can be studied
through so-called phenotypic stability. Analysis of phenotypic stability of
common walnut families in the localities (habitats) was conducted in the
model of regression analysis in which the phenotypic values (growth and fruit
mass) of specific families are shown as a linear function of the environment.
For the independent variable it is selected the mean value of the corresponding
phenotypic characteristic of families, ie diameter growth and fruit mass
of the center tree at the locality. Results are listed in Table 1, 2 and shown in
Figure 4, 5.


Below average growth stability and specific adaptability to high-yield environment
(Zabrdica) showed families Stain 2, 4 and 6, while Stains 12, 13
and 18 showed above average stability and specific adaptability to adverse
environment (Kozarevac I). Other families showed the average stability and
good adaptability to all environments (Zabrdica and Kozarevac I) (Table 1
and Figure 4).


Below average fruit mass stability and specific adaptability to high-yield
environment (Kozarevac I) showed only Stain 16, while Stains 1, 3, 4, 6, 15,
17, and 18 showed above average stability and specific adaptability to
adverse environment (Zabrdica). Other families showed the average stability
and good adaptability to all environments (Zabrdica and Kozarevac I) (Table
2 and Figure 5).


Based on adaptation capacity and production potential of the particular
genotype can be determined its use-value for plantation raising. Genotypes
with good adaptation ability and high productivity are the best solution for
growing the common walnut in plantations.


The research results provide a good basis for creating the Croatian variety
of walnut same as the opportunities for permanent preservation of genetic resources
for the common walnut.


Key words:Common Walnut, phenotypic stability, adaptability, halbsib-
progeny tests.