DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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| ŠUMARSKI LIST 13/2005 str. 90 <-- 90 --> PDF |
P. Horek, P. Mauer, L. Novak: LAR1X FOREST CABLEWAYS IMPLEMENT OK THE NATURE ORIENTED Šumarski lisl - SUPLEMENT (2005). 78-89 Yarding downhill, uphill or on the flat grounds. Stationary engine IVECO AIFO, 4 cyl. turbodiesel 125 hp Hydraulics SAUER SUNDSTRAND- DANFOSS, separate circuits for each drum Built in either on a truck or trailer Equipped with skyline, main line, haul back line, slack pulling line, rig up line The hydrostatic drive gives full control of the lines Interlock system between main and haul backline Automatic and programmable drive of carriage with and without load - The set-up time is very short No cabin is needed because of remote control The operational methods 2 line system (sky and main line) uphill yarding by means of gravity carriage Moko-25 with diesel engine, comfort by slack pulling down the main line 3 line system (sky, main, and haul back line) downhill, uphill with engine carriage Moko-25 4 line system (sky, main, haul back and slack pulling line)downhill, uphill with mechanical carriage KOS-2 Carriage MOKO-25 The carriage is intended for the cablcways equipped with skyline, main line, haul-back line or only with skyline and main line. The MOKO-25 carriage has a built-in diesel engine of 5,5 kW (Lombardini), a command radio station and a hydraulic pump. The motor drives the equipment for slack pulling down the main line and also the hydraulic system for anchoring the carriage to skyline and to secure the load at wanted po sition under skyline. engine power- loading max. power of slack pulling- consumption of diesel oil per 8 hours- weight 5, 5 kW 2 500 kg 4, 2 kN max. 2 1 560 kg Carriage KOS -2 The carriage is mechanical. It is intended for the cableways equipped by the skyline (of the diameter from 16 mm to 20 mm), mainline cable (10-13 mm), haul- back line (10-13) and slack pulling line (5-6 mm). The KOS carriage provides the slack pulling (dropped down) the end of the main line from the carriage by means of the auxiliary cable. - loading max. 3000 kg - weight 245 kg 4. CONCLUSION Why to give preference to skyline logging? Approximately 80 % of damage to soil, standing trees and advance growth in the course of logging process fall to the operation of skidding - timber transportation from the stand to main forest road. Environment- friendly skidding operation therefore represents an ecologocical method of timber harvesting. Methods of environment-friendly timber haulage from the forest stand reduce or eliminate timber dragging over the forest soil surface such as semisuspension and air timber haulage systems. Other methods coming technically into consideration include helicopter skidding which is extremely costly and skyline logging which is about 2 to 3 times cheaper since the helicopter system is highly energy-consuming and can be applied without any substantial weather limitations, being at the same time markedly less noisy, not disturbing or stressing wildlife, birds or people. In addition to reduced requirements on forest road network density (with road spacing in the case of skyline logging to be 800 - 1000 m, in tractor skidding 100 m), the system of forest skylines and its operation does not cause any damage to forest soil by compression or abrasion as commonly seen when using wheeled (tractor) skidding technologies in forest stands. Increased soil erosion by traffic due to the transmission of forces from the vehicle tyre onto the soil and consequent long-term damage to forest soils simply do not occur in the case of using the forest skylines. Unfortunately, a generally prevailing opinion of foresters considers the forest skylines to be applicable only in mountain regions. This is not entirely true at the present time as the forest skyline cablcways can be used with respect to their versatile character not only in all cableway terrains in montane and piedmont regions but also in plains where the terrain may be inaccessible to wheeled or tracked vehicles (tractors) due to the occurrence of extensive bogs, peatlands, moors, boulders, gullies, moraine incisions, or the forest stands in question were affected by disastrous floods. If we take into account all negative impacts and criteria of using tractors on slopes putting them into relation also with actual soil carrying capacity, the share of skyline ter |