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ŠUMARSKI LIST 13/2005 str. 182     <-- 182 -->        PDF

PRESENTATION AT THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
Šumarski list - SUPLEMENT (2005), 165-185


LYSIMETRIC MONITORING OF SOIL WATER QUALITY IN THE FOREST
OF PEDUNCULATE OAK AND COMMON HORNBEAM


B. VRBEK, I. PILAŠ, T. DUBRAVAC*
SUMM AR Y: Lysimetric research was launched in the Forestry Institute of
Jastrebarsko in 1991. The target site was the forest of pedunculate oak and
common hornbeam (Carpino bctuli-Quercetum roboris, Anić 1956/emed.
Rauš 1969). The quality of soil liquid phase and the amount of deposited matter
was monitored in 6plots. ModifiedEbermayer lysimeters were set up in the
penological soil profile: below the humus horizon they were placed at depths
of10-20 cm and in several plots in the mineral part of the soil at a depth of
100 cm. Sampling was carried out once a month, and anions and cations were
identified in the percolate: Kf, Na\ Ca2\ Mg2´, NHf, CI, N03-, S042. After


five years of research (from 1995 to 2000) conducted in the area of Repaš,
Česma and the Pokupsko basin in the northwest of Croatia, the results of percolate
analysis indicated increased deposition quantities in forest ecosystems.
Statistical processing revealed the highest amounts of chlorine in the lysimeters
placed 10 and 100 cm deep in the Pokupsko basin and Sil]akovina, followed
by Cesma and Repaš. The highest amounts qfS04-S were recorded in the
lysimeters placed 10 cm in depth in all areas. Repaš takes the lead in this respect,
and is followed by Cesma and Pokupsko. An increase in sulphur also
occurred in the lysimeters at 100 cm in depth in Pokupsko and Cesma, and
less so in Repaš. An increase in NOrN was the highest in the lysimeters placed
10 cm deep the area of Cesma and Pokupsko. The highest increase in sodium
and chlorine contents occurred in the lysimeters installed 100 cm deep
in the area of Pokupsko-Silj akovina. Compared to all the other measuring sites
and plots, this increase was manifold. On average, potassium was the
most abundant in the lysimeters placed 10 cm deep in Cesma, and less so in
the area of Pokupsko and Repaš. On average, the highest amount of calcium
was found in the lysimeters at 100 cm in depth in the area of Cesma, which
can be explained by an increased quantity ofCaCO, in the deeper layers of
the soil profile. The highest magnesium content was found in the lysimeters
placed 100 cm deep in Česma, followed by those placed 10 cm deep. A slightly
lower increase occurred in Pokupsko-Siljakovina. According to the calculated
ion difference in %, the area of the Pokupsko basin with Siljakovina
showed the poorest buffer soil capacity, followed by the Česma watershed. In
these areas, acid occurred in lysimeters at depths of 10 cm. There were no negative
ion differences in the lysimeters in Repaš, indicating that they are sufficiently
buffer active to neutralise acids deposited by dry and wet depositions
in the community of pedunculate oak and common hornbeam.


Key words: soil, lysimeters, soil solution, forest of pedunculate oak and
common hornbeam


*
Boris Vrbck, PhD, Ivan Pilaš, PhD, Tomislav Dubravac, PhD,
Forestry Institute, Jastrebarsko, e-mail: borisv@sumins.hr