DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
prilagođeno pretraživanje po punom tekstu
| ŠUMARSKI LIST 13/2005 str. 152 <-- 152 --> PDF |
PRESENTATION AT THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM šumarski list - SUPLEMENT (2005), 144-153 THE STRUCTURE AND NATURAL REGENERATION OF A SUBALPINE SPRUCE FOREST WITH PROTECTIVE FUNCTION IN NIZKE TATRY MOUNTAINS (SLOVAKIA) Stanislav KUCBEL SUMMARY: The paper deals with issue of the stand structure, natural regeneration and silvicultural interventions in the protective forests in a mountain region of Slovakia. The priority protective function (especially anti-erosive, anti- avalanche and water-protective) of the mountain forests requires permanent presence of a stable, natural regenerating forest with a differentiated structure. To be able to describe and quantify this structure three permanent research plots have been established in locality Prasiva in Nizke Tatty Mountains. The paper analyses particular structure characteristics of researched stand and on the basis of acquired results the basic structure characteristics for a high-elevation forest are quantified. The results has shown the high-elevation forest should have in an ideal state under similar ecological conditions roughly these characteristics: stem density 1000-1500 pes./ha, falling diameter distribution, the representation of particular tree layers - upper 75 %, middle 15 %, lower 10%, basal area 35-40 m2/ha, growing stock 300-400 m3/ha according to the production ability of the site. Besides the characteristics of model structure the paper analyses the state and the quantity of natural regeneration, which is necessarily needed for the steady exchange of generations in a high-elevation forest. In the natural regeneration two tree species (Norway spruce and rowan) are present. Because of its ecological characteristics rowan is the prevailing tree species in the natural regeneration on all researched plots. The number of Norway spruce natural regeneration in the height classes above 20 cm is crucial for the generation exchange and can already be considered as a relatively secure beginning of a new generation. The results have shown the number of natural regeneration individuals in the height classes above 20 cm should be at least 600 pes./ha, under the condition of sufficient reserve in the height class under 20 cm. Keywords: subalpine forest, stand structure, Norway spruce, natural regeneration INTRODUCTION Forest stands with priority soil-protective (i.e. anti-vation forests have generally a multi-function effect erosive and anti-avalanche) and water-protective funcand the mentioned functions are usually the most imtions take roughly 336,641 ha (16.7 %) within the total portant ones. To the subcategory b. of protection foforest area of Slovak Republic. All of these stands berests (i.e. high-elevation forests) we count about long to the non-commercial forests, either to the cate49,500 ha. gory of protection or special purpose forests. High-ele-The issue of the silvicultural interventions in the high-montane and subalpine stands has been considered one of the marginal problems for Ing. Stanislav Kucbcl, Department of Silviculture, the forestry in Slovakia in the past. Decreasing vitality Forestry Faculty, Technical University, Masarykova 24, 96053 Zvolen, and relatively intensive breakdown of single trees as Slovak Republic, e-mail: kucbel@vsld.tuzvo.sk well as whole stands on some localities during the last |