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D. Ballian, Ž. Škvorc, J. Franjić, D. Kajba, S. Bogdan, F. Bogunić: PROCJENA NEKIH MOFOLOŠKIH . Šumarski list br. 9–10, CXXIX (2005), 475-480 LITERATURA – References Av o li o , S. 1984: Il pino loricato (Pinus leucodermis Mirov, N. T., 1967: The genus Pinus. Ronald Press Ant.). Ant. Ist. Sper. Selv., 17: 79–153. Company, New York. Bogunić, F. 2004: Molekularno citogenetička difeP op n ik o la , N., 1975: Varijabilnost broja smolnih rencijacija i veličina genoma vrsta Pinus hel-kanala u četinama munike (Pinus heldreichii draichii Christ. i Pinus nigra Arnold. MagistarChrist.). Simpozijum o munici, Peć 4–7.9. 1975, ski rad – Prirodno matematički fakultet Univer334– 344. ziteta u Sarajevu – odsjek za Biologiju, str. 65. P o pni k o l a , N., 1978: Anatomske karakteristike četi- Boscherini, G., M. Morgante, P. Rossi, G. G. na varijeteta munike (Pinus heldraichii Christ.) u Vendramin, 1994: Allozyme and chloroplast prirodnim populacijama na Balkanskom polu- DNA variation in Italian and Greek population ostrvu. Šum. list 102 (1–3): 25–39. of Pinus leucodermis. Heredity 73: 284–290. Sokal, R. R., J. F. Rohlf, 1989: Biometry. Freeman Đorđeva, M., M. Stamenkov, A. Gudevski, and Co., San Francisco. 1975: Neke osobine semena i šišarki munike S t i l i n ov i ć , S., A. Tuc o v ić , 1972: Viviparousness (Pinus heldraichii Christ.), Simpozijum o muni-in Pinus heldraichii Christ. Genetika 4 (2): ci (Pinus heldraichii Christ.), Dečani 4–7.9. 193–200. 1972, 115–121. Tuc o v i ć , A., S. St i l i no v ić , 1975: Prilog poznavaFukarek, P., M. Vidaković, 1965: Nalaz prelazne nju semenošenja munike. Simpozijum o munici ili hibridne svojte borova (Pinus nigradermis (Pinus heldraichii Christ.), Dečani 4–7.9. 1972, Fuk. et Vid.) na planini Prenju u Hercegovini. 374–384. Naućno društvo Bosne i Hercegovine, Radovi 28 Tuc o v i ć , A., S. S t il i n o v i ć, 1977: Osobenosti os (8): 68–87. novnih fenoloških pojava stabala munike izvan Jo v a n ov i ć , B., 2000: Dendrologija. Univerzitetska prirodnog areala. Glasn. Šum. Fak. Beograd – štampa, Beograd, str. 536. Jubilarni br. 52: 63–82. McGarigal, K., S. Cushman, S. Stafford, 2000: Vidaković, M., J. Franjić, 2005: Golosjemenja- Multivariate Statistics for Wildlife and Ecology če. Sveučilište u Zagrebu – Šumarski fakultet. Research. Springer-Verlag, New York. Zagreb, str. 824. SUMMARY: Distribution range of whitebark pine (Pinus heldreichii) naturally covers areas of the Balkan and Apenine Peninsulas, predominantly consisting of impassable rocky slopes, 800–2500 metres above the sea level. This is a Tertiary relict and endemic species of European flora. Geographically remote and disjunctively distributed natural populations of whitebark pine found in the countries of the Balkan and Apenine Peninsulas represent slowly disappearing genetic particularities. Efficacy of the mesures intended for conservation of whitebark pine depend upon the extent of our knowledge of its genetic biodiversity, thus, the intention of this paper is to assess variability of certain morphological characteristics of cones and seeds in some natural populations of whitebark pine. Current situation found at certain localities does not benefit survival of whitebark pine, since natural processes of succession restrict areas suitable for its growth and development. Since these are small populations that had probably been interconnected after the last glaciation, and are now isolated, it can be assumed that they are governed by certain internal selection processes. Still, the time span starting with their separation is relatively short, and no greater differentiation has occurred. In this case, we can also assume the occurrence of conservative processes characterized by maintenance of the same genepool generation after generation, as the only genepool forced by natural selection. On the other hand, natural selection eliminates those individuals leaning toward progression, thus directly resulting in smaller variability among populations. The only possible way of protection of this valuable endemic and relict species in a currently altered ecological situation is in conducting of morphological and phenological studies, biochemical analyses, and results based creation of in situ and ex situ archives. Key words: Whitebark pine, Pinus heldreichii, morphology, Bosnia and Hercegovina |