DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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D. Prgin: ALEPSKI BOR (Pinus halepensis Mill.) PRVORAZREDNA VRSTA ZA PODIZANJE ŠUMA ... Šumarski list br. 1–2, CXXIX (2005), 71-80 mediteranskog kraškog područja Dalmacije, Vi d a k o v i ć , M., A. K r i s t i n i ć , 1983: Varijabilnost doktorska dizertacija, Split. nekih morfoloških i anatomskih svojstava alep- Tr i n a j s t i ć , I., 1986: Fitogeografsko raščlanjenje skog (Pinus halepensis) i brucijskog (Pinus brutia) bora i njihovih hibrida, Radovi, Sarajevo. šumske vegetacije istočnojadranskog sredozem nog područja – polazna osnovica u organizaciji Vi s i a n i , R., 1842: Flora dalmatica, Tom I, 200, gospodarenja mediteranskim šumama, Glasnik Lipsiae. za šumske pokuse 2, Zagreb. Zakon o potvrđivanju Konvencije o europskim krajoVidaković , M., 1982: ]etinjače, Zagreb. brazima, Narodne novine br. 12., 2002. Zagreb. SUMMARJ: Due to insufficient knowledge on the value of Aleppo pine forests of our Mediterranean karst, there is a prevailing public opinion that this species is even harmful and should not be planted any more. This is particularly the case when speaking of forest fire causes. Such opinions are based on ignorance of Aleppo pine properties and the real causes of forest fires. A typical Mediterranean tree, Aleppo pine also grows on our Adriatic coast and islands. Introduced more than a thousand years ago, it can be regarded as an autochthonous species of Dalmatia. The palingenetic research on the island of Mljet discovered three thousand years old Aleppo pine pollen. Outside its natural areal, Aleppo pine grows in cultures, parks and tree avenues. Thanks to new afforestation and the natural ability of easy spreading and regenerating upon burnt areas, this tree increasingly conguers new land. According to the 1984 status, it is considered that there are around 40,000 ha of Aleppo pine forests on the Croatian coastland. The afforestation of the Dalmatian degraded karst coastal belt has been successfully carried out with Aleppo pine. The first cultures were raised about 120 years ago both with naked-root seedlings and seeds. Every year Aleppo pine tree sheds large guantities of needles, which gradually fill the stone crevices and cover the lithosoil. After their decomposition in the processes of humification and mineralisation, new fertile forest soil is created. In the areas where soil has been blown away by wind and eroded by water for centuries, Aleppo pine presents a first-class ameliorator of the naked karst. With improved soil quality, adult Aleppo pine stands with their dead litter cause the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil. They also proteci the soil from excessive insulation, decelerate evaporation and drainage of rainwater, while its needles retain the moisture in the soil. They favourably influence soil temperature, and proteci the minerals against washing away by increasing the soil capacity for water and air The humus layer is the home to the insects and worms that take part in soil processing. Ali these factors create favourable ecological conditions for the growth of other plant species. Thus, holly oak and other Mediterranean species spontaneously appear under Aleppo pine crowns, constituting a stable climatogenetic forest association. Based on the many years of my own experience, I can say that the site class of the soil under Aleppo pine stands improves so much that it turns into the following higher site class after the period of one hundred years. Aleppo pine thrives upon ali expositions. Joung plants resist drought well. Owing to abundance of seed, adaptability and resistance of young plants, this tree conguers new ground and spreads naturally. It regenerates excellently upon burnt areas, and demonstrates high flexibility upon different soil types in the Mediterranean vegetation belt with semi-arid and sub-humid climate. |