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J. Kranjić, Z. Liber: MQI.KKL´LARNA BIOLOGIJA U ŠUMARSTVU Šumarski list br. 9 10, CXXV (2001). 495-500 Wagner, D. B., 1992: Nuclear, chloroplast, and mitoZoldoš, V., T. Littvay, V. Besendorfer, Z. chondrial DNA polymorphisms as biochemical Lorković , D. Papeš , 1995a: Primjena cito markers in population genetic analyses of forest genetskih i biokemijskih analiza u utvrđivanju trees. New Forests 6: 373-390. stupnja oštećenja šuma hrasta lužnjaka. Radovi Šum. Inst. Jastreb. 29(1): 151-160. Wilcox, P. L., H. V. Amerson, E. G. Kuhlman, B. H. L i u, D. M. O m a 11 e y, R. R. S e d e r o f f, Zoldoš, V., D. Papeš, S. Brown, O. Panaud, S. 1996: Detection of a major gene for resistance to Šilj ak-Yako vlev, 1998: Genome size and fusiform rust disease in loblolly pine by genobase composition of seven Quercus species; mic mapping. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 (9): inter- and intra-population variation. Genome 3859-3864. 41: 162-168. Williams, J. G. K., A. R. Kubelik, K. J. Livak, Zoldoš, V., S. Siljak-Yakovlev, D. Papeš, A. J. A. Rafal ski, S.V. Tingey, 1990: DNA poSarr, O. Panaud, 2000: Molekularno klonilymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are ranje DNA razlika između dviju vrsta hrasta (Q. useful as genetic markers. Nucl. Acids Res. 18: robur i Q. suber) u istraživanju evolucije geno6531- 6535. ma u roda Quercus. Zbornik sažetaka priopćenja Zoldoš, V., V. Besendorfer, T. Littvay, D. sedmog hrvatskog biološkog kongresa, 80-81. Papeš , 1995: The common oak (Quercus robur Zagreb. L.) as a potential test plant for cytotoxicity moZoldoš, V., D. Papeš, M. Cerbah, O. Panaud, nitoring. Period. Biol. 96(4): 490-492. V. Besendorfer, S. Siljak-Yakovlev, Zoldoš, V., S. Š ilj ak-Yako vl ev, V. Besen1999: Molecular-cytogenetic studies of ribosodorfer , D. Papeš , 1997: Raznolikost veličine mal genes and heterochromatin reveal conserpodručja nukleolarnih organizatora (NOR) izved genome organization among 11 Quercus među jedinki istih vrsta hrasta (Q. robur i Q. species. Theoret. Appl. Genet. 99: 969-977´. petraea). Zbornik sažetaka priopćenja, šesti kongres biologa Hrvatske, 91. Zagreb. SUMMARY: Today, the molecular biology very likely is the biology branch with the fastest development and the highest impact in the research world, and there is not a single field of biological science where at least one of the molecular-biological methods is not used in the research. In its complexity, the present modern world forestry is one of the best examples of the use of various molecular-biological methods in different research works, but in the everyday practice either. The latest achievements in the molecular biology, such as Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR, made the applicability of these methods to the forestry easier, so now these methods have become an indispensable tool, among other things, in the estimating of genetic variability, breeding programmes and conservation programmes. For these purposes, many methods have been developed such as RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorhpism), RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA), AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) and Microsatellites. As these methods show a certain DNA polymorphism specific for a given property (resistance to some disease, for instance) or for an individual, a population, a subspecies or any superior taxonomic unit, they are usually referred to as DNA markers (RAPD markers, for instance). Until recently, the laboratory research of population genetic variability has been limited by a small variability inside some populations. Today, to estimate the genetic variability, the various DNA markers are used, and their combination enabled to determine the genetic variability in all populations researched so far. This work is an effort to appeal to the forestry institutions which have to support these types of research, so that young research would become trained in such analyses by means of which, with a rather modest resources, considerable results can be obtained. It will do great harm to our forestry if such researches continue to be carried out, as until now, solely by the research workers who not being of the forestry profession are not aware enough of the practical forestry problems. Key words: molecular-biological methods, forestry, Croatia |