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J. Zelić: PITANJE AUTOKTONOSTl I DALJI UZGOJ PIT KESTENA (Castanea sativa Mili) U POŽEŠKOM GORJU Šumarski list br. II 12, CXXII (1998), 525-536 Moaća n i n , N.: Požega i Požeština u sklopu Osman-Soka č - Štimac , D. i suradnici: Benediktinska opalijskog carstva (1537. - 1691.), "Naklada Slap", tija sv. Mihovila Rudina, Požega, 1997. Biblioteca Posegna, Jastrebarsko, 1997. Sučić, J., Ušćuplić, M.: Poslovno udruženje šuNaše župe požeškog kraja, Požeški dekanat, prosinac marstva i industrije za preradu drveta Sarajevo: 1972. Uzgoj i zaštita pitomog kestena (Castanea sativa Mill)", Sarajevo, 1965. Pavličević , D.: Na vratima požeške doline, Matica hrvatska, Požega, 1961. Poljoprivredna enciklopedija I, Jugoslavenski leksikoPavičić , S.: Podrijetlo naselja i govora u Slavoniji, grafski zavod, Zagreb, 1967. Jugoslavenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti Požeški zbornik (I - V) Matica hrvatska, Centar za kul Zagreb, 1953. turu Požega, od 1961. do 1984. godine Piller , M., Mittcrpachcr , Lj.: Putovanje po PoRauš, Đ.: Šumarskafitocenologija, Šumarski fakultet, žeškoj županiji u Slavoniji 1782. godine, PoZagreb, 1987. vijesni arhiv, Osijek, Matica Hrvatske, Požega, Slavonsko gorje, planinarsko- turistička karta, NIŠRO, 1995. Varaždin, 1981. Potrebica , F.: Županije u Hrvatskoj i Slavoniji u Silvae nostrae croatiae, Zagreb, 1994. XVIII. i prvoj polovini XIX. stoljeća, Zlatna doŠumarska enciklopedija, Jugoslavenski leksikografski lina, Zbornik radova Požeštine, 1995. zavod, Zagreb, 1983. Požega, (1227 - 1977), monografija, Slavonska Pože Tipološke značajke šuma slavonskog gorja, Šumarski ga, 1977. institut Jastrebarsko, Zagreb, 1979. Sokač - Stimac, D.: Arhitektura kasne antike u po Zlatna dolina, godišnjak Požeštine (I - III), Požega, žeškom kraju, Zlatna dolina, Zbornik radova Po 1995, 1996, 1997. žeštine, 1995. SUMMARY: According to the latest hypothesis, sweet chestnut in the Požega region is not an autochthonous species, or a relict from the Terciary period as was believed until now. On the contrary, it was introduced, grown and harvested by the Romans in the period between the 1st and the 5th century A.D. Due to its wide range of usage, it was later accepted and cultivated by feudal estates, churches and monasteries in Croatia. The truth of this hypothesis might be confirmed by the concordance between present habitats of sweet chestnut and the remains of Roman roads, old fortified buildings, monasteries, Turkish fortresses and noblemen´s estates. We know with certainty that the Romans introduced wine-growing into these regions, which is confirmed by the fact that present vineyard sites are located along architectural objects from the past. Sweet chestnut has been artificially distributed northward as far as southern Poland, central Germany and Switzerland up to the 50th degree of latitude. It requires favourable site conditions (neutral or acid soil) and microclimatic properties (mean temperature over ll°C). Its biological char acter istis and properties enable sweet chestnut to regenerate very well. Chestnut blight, caused by the fungus Endithia parasitica, is spread throughout the chestnut distribution range in Croatia. The fungus species with hypovirulentproperties cause cancers. Chestnut was a very important nutritional product before extensive potato and maize cultivation began in Europe in the seventeenth century. This paper presents some basic indicators necessary for the cultivation and preservation of sweet chestnut forests in the Požega mountains. The comparative research method was used for this aim. K ey w o rds: sweet chestnut, Požega valley and Požega mountains, Romans, archaeological finds of Roman roads and buildings, old towns and settlements, comparative research method, present situation and possibilities of cultivation. |