DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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ŠUMARSKI LIST 1-2/1966 str. 82     <-- 82 -->        PDF

On the lowest regions, on a sandy-gravel substratum, a pine forest developed,
a little higher a pine-fir forest, and on the top of the chalk hillocks a
fir-beech forest.


Fir in this reserve has exceptionally straight stems. Also in the Zwierzyniec
Forest District in the »Nart Czerkies« (22) reserve on an area of 480,5 ha fir
and spruce and beech are being protected. In the »Barnowiec« reserve Forest
District Nawoyowa (2,3 ha) (23) in the lower reaches of the mountains are
being protected a fir-beech forest with spruce.


The old Carpathian fir forest with beech and spruce is being protected in
»Uhryn« reserve (24) (92,2 ha) of the same Forest District.


c) Beech forests
Fagus silvatica, has in Poland its eastern limit of distribution. It occurs in
the lowland (association Melico — Fagetum) as well as in the mountains
(association Fagetum carpaticum) up to 1250 m elevation. Its populations are
characterised by various ecological characteristics, and as a result a few
reserves were made in order to protect local populations of this species. They
are: »Buczynowe Wawozy« (25) near Gryfino, Szczecin District, with an area
of 36 ha, where it is best preserved in the »Puszcza Bukowa«; »Kolowskie
Parowy« (24,4 ha) (26) where beech reaches 35 m; »Trawiasta Buczyna«
(79,6 ha) (27); and »Zrödliskowa Buczyna« (120,3 ha) (28) where beech grows
together with alder, all of these in the Szczecin District.
In this part of Poland beech reserves are also in »Bukove Zdroje« (207,9
ha) (28-a) and in »Radecin« (29) (46,3 ha) where straight beech stems reach
a height of 35—43,5 m.
In northern Poland a reserve was made in the Puck county, »Darzlubskie
Buki«, (27 ha) (30) which constitutes a remnant of the old Darzlubska Forest,
and in the Kartuzy county (31) the »Ostrzycki Las« reserve (17 ha) on the
slopes of a terminal morain.
In southern Poland there are several beech reserves. In Lower Silesia near
Luban Slaski there is the »Bukova Göra« reserve (25,4 ha) (32) where beech
grows together with sycamore, large-leaved lime, Norway maple and fir.
In a few reserves beech (association Fagetum carpaticum) is being protected
as remnant of the old Carpathian Forest, namely:
1) »Srubita« (33) in the Rycerka Forest District (near Istebna), where
beech grows with an admixture of spruce, fir and sycamore;
2) »Orkan« reserve (34) on the Turbach Mt. (319.2 ha) where fir and beech
reach an age of about 250 years;
3) »Losie« (35) reserve (2,13 ha) where beech grows at the lower elevations
with an admixture of fir.


d) Lime forests


Lime does not have much of a importance in forestry, however a few
reserves were made to protect its particularly fine stands. A few of these are
worth a special mentioning:


1. An interesting lime reserve called »Obrozyska« (36) with an area of
35,54 ha was made in the Muszyna Forest District in lowest elevations, where
some trees reach 32 m in height and 3,9 m in circumference.
2. The »Lipny D61« reserve (37) where a forest of primeval type, including
oak, hornbeam and lime is being protected in the Ksiaz Wielki Forest District.