DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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ŠUMARSKI LIST 1-2/1966 str. 165     <-- 165 -->        PDF

by the Yugoslav Advisory Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, and the Republic
Chambers of Economy. The mentioned Centre has already issued the first Yugoslav
register of coniferous seed stands.


a) Seed stands of coniferous species


The selection of these stands is in the main finished. This work was first organized
by the Institute for Forestry and Timber industry of the SR of Slovenia. The
selection of these stands in the SR of Serbia, Bosnia and Hercegovina, and Macedonia
was also carried out with the aid of forest institutes. In the SR of Croatia
this was done by the Forest Seed Control Station, Rijeka, and in the SR of Montenegro
by the Republic Centre for the Development of Agriculture and Forestry, Titograd.


In the enclosed Table 1 is given a survey of coniferous seed stands. Their total
reduced surface amounts to 7,136 ha., which surely does not mirror the actual needs
and still less an optimum distribution of the particular species. The actual requirements
and the progeny tests of individual stands will efect the necesary corrections
into this register.


The major part of these stands are State — owned. During the separation of
seed stands it was endeavoured to choose pure stands, but this was not always
possible. In the selected stands of Fir, Spruce and Aleppo Pine there occur 0.2—0.4
admixtures of other species. All these stands belong to the type of the »normal«
seed stands. Almost all stands of the autochthonous species are of natural origin.
Seed stands of the allochthonous species will contribute to the extension of the
area of these species.


b) Seed stands of broadleaved species


Selection of these stands began two years ago, and in the individual Republics
it is in progress or in its final stage. Of less interest is this selection to forestry
practice because of fewer requirements of seeds of broadleaved species in this
country. Also the research institutions could not devote themselves completely to
this work because of other tasks. In the selection of these sands were engaged the
forest institutes of the SR of Slovenia, Serbia, Macedonia, Bosnia and Hercegovina.
The effect of the selection done so far can be seen in Table 2. If comparing the data
in Tables 1 and 2 it is visible that the area of the thus far selected seed stands of
broadleaved species is considerably smaller than the corresponding area of coniferous
species, although the broadleaved species are considerably better represented
in this country.


In the previous work on the separation of seed stands the individual criteria
of the selecionist were more expressed. In the further work efforts will be made to
make them uniform. Taken as a whole this work has contributed that the previous
collectiong seeds of forest trees in this country was replaced by an organized production
of these seeds of high quality. This higher degree of production of forest
seeds has been accepted as a transition to an up-to-date production of selected seed
in seed orchards. The legal regulations soon to be issued should make it possible
to implement this system in its entirety. In the individual Republics a division of
districts with respect to the individual provenances has already been executed or
is being prepared. Established were also modern organizations for the production
of seed and planting stock.


2. Selection of plus trees
Specialists from forest institutes and faculties have initiated the selection of
plus trees in order to obtain the initial material for further work on the improvement
of forest trees. The selection of plus trees on the basis of phenotype pointed
at the complexity of this problem in consideration of the relative genotypic value
of a phenotype, the objectives of selection (biological or technological characters,
production of wood), and to the significance of the lower systematic units within
the species for further work on its improvement.


The forests of this country, taken as a whole, contain proportionally more »wild«
elements than the forests of some other European country. The climatic, geological,